{"id":3583,"date":"2021-11-23T15:56:53","date_gmt":"2021-11-23T14:56:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/?page_id=3583"},"modified":"2021-11-30T22:41:37","modified_gmt":"2021-11-30T21:41:37","slug":"info-raval","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/","title":{"rendered":"+ info Raval"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3583\" class=\"elementor elementor-3583\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-364b08fb elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"364b08fb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4990a673\" data-id=\"4990a673\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5661d42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5661d42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">+ info raval<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b90a00d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b90a00d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e26b369\" data-id=\"e26b369\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd91e56 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"fd91e56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2651\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2651\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Multiculturality<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2652\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2652\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Mobility paradigm and tourism<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2653\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2653\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Urban landscape heritage<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2654\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2654\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Identity and community<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2655\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2655\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Body and performance<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2651\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Multiculturality<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2651\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2651\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><p>Raval is a multicultural urban landscape that contains a patchwork of spaces informed and formed by differentiated cultural heritages and identities. From the 2000\u2019s onwards, the historical tangible and intangible identity of its urban heritage has been transformed greatly due to the increased movement of people and communities arising from increased levels of social migration, immigration and city tourism. Raval includes 47.617 inhabitants (stats. from 2015 data) with 122 different nationalities and 47,9% of its population are from other countries outside of Spain (Barcelona\u2019s Statistics Department, 2016). The main places of origin are Pakistan (10,8%), Philippines (8,5%), Bangladesh (5%), Italy (3%), Morocco (2,8%) and India (2%). The European citizens living in Barcelona tend to be young qualified residents (60% of them have between 25 to 40 years old with University degrees), and they correspond to 30,8% of the foreign population living in Barcelona. What emerges from this data is a picture of an ethnically rich and diverse area where a wide range of nationalities, customs and traditions converge and coexist. Raval has an open institutional atmosphere of intercultural dialogue and integration. This intercultural identity is an important asset with associated attractive values for urban tourism and the consumption of urban experiences.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_3437\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3437\" style=\"width: 2362px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/multiculturalidad.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2362\" height=\"1372\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3437\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cultural activities in the neighbourhood. Source: Ravalnet, A. Moya.<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Bibliography:<\/p><p>Pla de Desenvolupament Econ\u00f2mic Ciutat Vella 2016-2021 [Ciutat Vella Economic Development Plan 2016-2021]. Ajuntament de Barcelona, Districte Ciutat Vella. Barcelona Activa. (http:\/\/ajuntament.barcelona.cat\/ciutatvella\/pla-desenvolupament-economic\/ca\/home)<\/p><p>Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In <em>Athens Journal of Architecture<\/em>, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\">\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2652\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Mobility paradigm and tourism<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2652\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2652\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><p>Regarding the economic activities in Raval, statistical data in 2015 determine that the majority of activities at street level were services (46,4%), commerce (31,8%) and empty spaces (15,7%). Service activities were restaurant businesses and lodging. The area contains, at the present, a large number of touristic residences, with 9.896 accommodations including hotels, hostels, touristic apartments and youth hostels (Economic Development Plan for Ciutat Vella 2016-2021). In 2016, the sociological indicator of touristic presence in the neighborhood demonstrated 123,2 tourists for every 1000 inhabitants (Socioeconomic indicators 2016, Raval, Ciutat Vella District )<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>. Raval is divided in two municipal management sectors, Raval North and Raval South. Raval South is an under privileged area with high levels of poverty, and social exclusion. The unemployment rates moves between 11,1% and 13%, with low family incomes between 63-79 in an index of 100. Urban gentrification processes and real estate investment with a tourist pressure for those existing apartments of first residence, has created a vulnerable situation for this fragile population, with\u00a0 eviction levels averaging between 9,1% to 19,7% (Map of Neighborhoods South Raval and South Gothic, 2017)<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>.<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3460\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Tourist-lodging-Raval_2019.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2362\" height=\"1771\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Bibliography:<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Indicadors socioeconomics 2016, districte de Ciutat Vella. Barri el Raval [Socioeconomic indicators, 2016, Ciutat Vella District, Raval neighbourhood. (http:\/\/www.bcn.cat\/estadistica\/castella\/dades\/inf\/barris\/a2016\/barri1.pdf).<\/p><p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Pla de Barris el Raval Sud i el G\u00f2tic Sud, 2017. [Map of Neighborhoods South Raval and South Gothic] Ajuntament de Barcelona. Districte Ciutat Vella. (http:\/\/pladebarris.barcelona\/plans-de-barri\/raval-sud-i-gotic-sud)<\/p><p>Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In <em>Athens Journal of Architecture<\/em>, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2653\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Urban landscape heritage<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2653\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2653\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3656  alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Laboure-School_North-Raval-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"427\" height=\"320\" \/>From 1250 to the1600\u2019s, Raval was a walled perimeter suburban area of Barcelona with a rich agricultural land and wetlands with <em>Cagalell<\/em> pond located in the South, collecting the water of seasonal streams<em>. <\/em>The third city walls that enclosed Raval (1348), enabled urban growth and provided agricultural land for self-subsistence in times of siege. Within the enclosure, existing hospitals and convents remained along the main accesses of circulation (Carme Street, Hospital Street, Tallers Street, and Sant Pau Street). Sant Pau del Camp Monastery, which dates from the 10th century, is the oldest religious nucleus that still exists and maintains a religious use today. Two important Gothic infrastructures have a prominent and symbolic presence in the neighborhood. One is the shipyard building <em>Drassanes<\/em>, rebuilt in the 16th century in the same location of the medieval 11th century building. The second is the Old Hospital of Santa Creu, dating from 1401. This was the only city hospital until the beginning of the 20th century, following which the hospital moved to the city outskirts and at the present is the Library of Catalonia. During the second half of the 16<sup>th<\/sup> century to the first of the 17<sup>th<\/sup>, Raval consolidated as a territory of convents and monasteries encompassing a wide diversity of religious orders. Right image: Courtyard of Sant Guillem d&#8217;Aquitania Convent, now Laboure School, in Raval North. Source: A. Moya.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-3651 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cartografia-antigua_Raval-1024x686.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"523\" height=\"350\" \/>At the start of the 19th century, Raval underwent a gradual change in its physiognomy becoming a polluted and dense industrial area with hundreds of chimneys of cotton textile factories. In 1835, most of Raval\u2019s convents were demolished, expropriated and replaced by buildings such as <em>La Boqueria<\/em> food market or\u00a0 <em>Liceu<\/em> Opera House. Other convents survived but changed their use such as Labour\u00e9 Primary School (Sant Guillem d&#8217;Aquitania Convent); or to cultural buildings such as the Museum of Contemporary Art of Barcelona (MACBA) (Angels Convent) and the Center of Contemporary Culture of Barcelona (CCCB) (Natzaret Monastery).\u00a0 In the 19th century, the textile industry developed the city through the concentration of intense urban, commercial and manufacturing activity in the neighborhood.\u00a0 Factories and residential buildings for workers appeared, including factory-homes, where workers had also their residence. Raval became densely populated and suffocated by its walls because the city could not grow outside the limits due to military impositions. Left image: Raval&#8217;s historical cartographies. Fragment of the Plan of the City and Port of Barcelona, by Moulinier (1806);\u00a0 and Fragment of the General Plan of Barcelona and its Urban Expansion (1900). Source: Cartographic and Geological Institute of Catalonia.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3658\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Placa-Salvador-Segui_South-Raval-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"427\" height=\"320\" \/><\/p><p>Following the demolition of the city walls in 1859, the industrial interests moved out of the city center. During the beginning of the 20th century, Raval became a lower working class residential neighborhood and home for a number of national immigrants who arrived to Barcelona for the construction of the Universal Expositions of 1888 and 1929. Raval up to the 1980\u2019s remained a densely populated neighborhood with a proliferation, especially in South Raval, of brothels and nightlife establishments. After the Civil War (1939), Raval had an intense national migratory growth. During the dictatorship and until 1974, the area was considered one of the most dangerous neighborhoods in the city. Urban plans were implemented in the 1980\u2019s, with the approval of the General Metropolitan Master Plan to develop the area. The vertical axis of Drassanes Avenue was opened in South Raval, which gave an urban frame to the first city skyscraper, Colon Office Tower (1970) and other institutional buildings, with the creation of squares and gardens, with the demolition of the National Prison for the construction of Folch i Torres Square or Can Ricart Factory for the construction of Sant Pau del Camp Gardens. Right image: Salvador Segu\u00ed square with Catalonia Film Library in May 2018. Source: A. Moya<\/p><p>New infrastructures were built leading to the celebration of the Olympic Games (1992), with the construction of Faculties and services of the University of Barcelona in North Raval, and MACBA facilities in Angels Square. Following the economic crisis of the mid 1990\u2019s up to 2004, and later from 2008 onwards, the combination of urban renewal, economic development and social cohesion initiatives became problematic. The most emblematic interventions in this period are the demolitions of buildings in the heart of the neighbourhood to open Rambla del Raval, Salvador Segu\u00ed Square and V\u00e1zquez Montalb\u00e1n Square, with cultural, public and private infrastructures, such as Hotel Barcel\u00f3 Tower, the Catalonia Film Library, and the Liceu Conservatory. One of the latest interventions, in 2015, has been the remodeling of Gardunya Square, at the back of <em>La Boqueria<\/em> market, and the construction of <em>Massana<\/em> Art\u2019s school.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_3441\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3441\" style=\"width: 2362px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3441 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Mapas-caracterizacao-Raval.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2362\" height=\"1320\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3441\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Morphological characterization of Raval&#8217;s neighbourhood, with pedestrian networks, green spaces ad relevant built heritage. Source: A. Moya<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Bibliography:<\/p><p>Busquets, J. (et.al.) 2003. <em>The Old Town of Barcelona: a Past with a Future<\/em>. Ajuntament de Barcelona, Barcelona.<\/p><p>Fern\u00e1ndez, M. 2014. <em>Matar al Chino: Entre la Revoluci\u00f3n Urban\u00edstica y el Asedio Urbano en el Barrio del Raval de Barcelona <\/em>[Kill the Chinese: Between the Urbanistic Revolution and the Urban Siege in Raval Neighbourhood, Barcelona]. Virus Ed, Barcelona.<\/p><p>Garcia Espuche, A. and Gu\u00e0rdia Bassols, M. 1986. <em>Espai i Societat a la Barcelona Pre-Industrial <\/em>[Place and Society in Pre-Industrial Barcelona]. Magrana, Barcelona.<\/p><p>Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In <em>Athens Journal of Architecture<\/em>, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2654\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Identity and community<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2654\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2654\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><p>Raval has a wide network of local associations and public institutions that influence social cooperation and the cultural life in the city center with 112 cultural associations and 10 social community associations (Ciutat Vella Economic Development Plan, 2016-2021). Below: Associative structure localization and comparison between Mouraria (Lisbon, 2016) and Raval (Barcelona, 2019) (Source: A. Moya, Ravalnet).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3464 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Associative-structure-comparison_Raval_Mouraria-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"594\" height=\"445\" \/><\/p><p>Cultural public institutions with a great impact in the neighbourhood such CCCB, MACBA, La Capella, Sta M\u00f3nica Art Centre, are involved and collaborate with other sociocultural and artistic associations in the neighbourhood. Many activities for the residents of the neighbourhood occur in Drassanes Civic Center and Casal de Barri Folch I Torres. They support territorial dynamization and educational programs carried out by associations. The Civic Centres give support to socio-cultural projects, with the offering of spaces. Priority is given to activities of social- cultural interest and community participation. The Casal de Barri, is also intended for community participation, socio-cultural development and cohabitation. There are several artistic associations in the neighbourhood closely involved with the residents and the community:<\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-3689 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Xamfra_CESIRE-1024x525.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"458\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Xamfra_CESIRE-1024x525.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Xamfra_CESIRE-300x154.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Xamfra_CESIRE-768x394.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Xamfra_CESIRE-600x308.jpg 600w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Xamfra_CESIRE-1140x585.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Xamfra_CESIRE.jpg 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/>Xamfr\u00e0, Centre de M\u00fasica i Escena del Raval (2004) (Raval Music and Performance Centre), is a meeting place for the arts. They develop a relevant socio-cultural work with young people and their families in the neighbourhood. The Centre won the National Cultural Price from Generalitat de Catalunya (2020) for their educational, social and inclusive work. They prioritize the value of the social and creative processes and give opportunities for artistic growth and interdisciplinary knowledge and educational opportunities in the performative arts from a socio-affective perspective. Their focus is on community human and cultural development, training and support using music, theatre and dance as tools for social inclusion and participation. They collaborate with a network of entities involved with collectives in risk of social exclusion, including not accompanied young immigrants in tutelage. Xamfr\u00e0 has many years of experience in socio-education, with trans-disciplinary artistic projects. For example, the project of youth mobilization in Ciutat Vella with a trans-disciplinary work of theatre sessions, a musical group (Xamfr\u00e0 Music Band), \u201cLa Batucada Jove del Raval\u201d and \u201cTarda Jove\u201d with musical trainings and rap sessions with the support network Migrate Youth, organized by Tot Raval. Left Image: Xamfr\u00e0 music group at CESIRE building, Raval. Image source: www.xamfra.net<\/span><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-3690 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Can60-576x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"592\" \/>La Poderosa (2000)\u00a0 has been a very active association in Raval. They won Ciutat de Barcelona price (2016) for the Series \u201cHacer Historia(s)\u201d and in recognition for their continuous work during more than fifteen years supporting the evolution of the urban artistic structure in the city. In the same year, they changed their headquarters, from the old factory building \u201cCan Seixanta\u201d in Raval, to Sants-Montju\u00efc district. During these years they were actively involved and compromised with the residents and artistic community participation in the neighbourhood. They were also involved in different Cultural Festivals in Raval such as \u201cFestival Raval(s)\u201d and organized Festivals such as \u201cSite Specific Raval\u201d(2015). They define themselves as a space of creation, research and cultural unrest, involved in all artistic and research languages related to the body and its performativity in Barcelona. They are accessible and give support to all dancing community, performing arts and experimental practices in the transversality of movement, body and dance.<\/p><p>INCA Catalunya, International Network for Culture and Arts (2007), gathers professionals from the world of the arts, at it belongs to the international INCA Network. They work with theatre, animation, clown, social circus, dance and audiovisual techniques and they also target young participants and communities at\u00a0 risk of social exclusion, developing social intervention strategies, and an intercultural dialogue through performative arts. They carry-out educational training projects, produce cultural events, and offer spaces for artistic residencies and presentation. They also have developed projects in cooperation with other Raval&#8217;s socio-cultural and artistic associations, collectives and institutions. In 2017, they organized an Encounter of Applied arts (Aplec d\u2019Arts Aplicades), with the theme \u201cArt in the service of communities\u201d. This seminar allowed the gathering of more than twenty institutions and professional in order to reflect on the importance of participative and community arts (Theater, performance, circus, dance, poetry, music) as tools for social transformation. Right image: Can Seixanta Factory Building, in Riereta Street, former headquarters of La Poderosa and INCA Catalunya associations. Source: A. Moya.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3697\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Pepe-Otal-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"458\" height=\"258\" \/>Other relevant artistic associations are: Forn de Teatre Pa\u2019tothom. It is an association that wants to integrate different cultural expressions using theatre as a tool to help people and vulnerable groups. With a leisure and educational spirit, with the objective to activate the social dinamization. Pa\u2019tothom fights against structures that favour social exclusion specialized in Theatre of the Oppressed (A.Boal). Almazen (1998), also known as La Ciutat de les Paraules Cultural Association, is a space for artistic creation and artistic dissemination addressed to contemporary clown, visual and scenic arts, micro-circus, oral narratives and experimental cinema. They involve the neighbors, with interventions and actions in public space, sharing the work of art with the residents (Poesia Involuntaria project). Their objective is the creation of tools for social cohesion with the environment through the arts. We could also mention important associations such as\u00a0Puppet House and Workshop Pepe Otal; Cronopios Club, literary cultural association with literary events, poetry and philosophy; The Cat Factory, gastronomic and cultural space (the cultural aspect involves the promotion of the arts, exhibit space and organization of Festivals); Mucha Fibra Association (2008), addressed to the experimentation in fashion learning; The collective: Creative Lab (Filmmaker hub), among others. Right image: Inside the headquartes of Puppet House and Workshop Pepe Otal. Source: A. Moya.<\/p><p>Casa F\u00e1brica: Ateneu del Raval (2016), Cultural Communitarian Centre, is a socio-cultural association that searches the intercultural exchange and reflection in all the disciplines of knowledge and cultural expressions, empowering the social fabric of the neighbourhood. Their objective is to use culture as a method of integration and social participation always involved in their urban fabric, neighbouring communication, immigration, participation, cultural, social and community promotion. In 2016, the association rehabilitated the former Lloberas Factory House abandoned for six years. They promote and strengthen ties with other Raval\u2019s associations and sociocultural institutions, including collaborations with Tot Raval, INCA Cultural Association, and it has created the Federation of Cultural Associations &#8220;Red Cultural Barcelona&#8221;. They have developed numerous projects around the themes of historical memory, feminism, interculturality, human rights, sexual diversity and anti-racism, among them \u201cTalking about the House Factories\u201d or the Memory workshops with youth and children in the project \u201cMigrants Memory\u201d (Mem\u00f2ria dels Migrants). Ateneu also gathers and give space to other neighbourhood entities (civic and social associations, groups and foundations) that organize assemblies, talks, exhibitions, neighbourhood meetings, community lunches, book presentations, among others. Below: Communitarian lunch gatherings at Ateneu Raval association. Source: Ateneu Raval.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3691 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3.-comidas-comunitarias-2.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"418\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3.-comidas-comunitarias-2.jpeg 700w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3.-comidas-comunitarias-2-300x179.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3.-comidas-comunitarias-2-600x358.jpeg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p><p>Associations addressed to Raval\u2019s social and multicultural integration are Associaci\u00f3 de Dones Marroquines a Catalunya; El LLoc de la Dona, involved with institutions that work with women in Raval; Intercultural Association Di\u00e0legs de Dona; INDERA Foundation that works with the Human Rights of Women, genre consulting and pro-equity programs; ACESOP cultural association, operative with Pakistani women; Fundaci\u00f3 Bayt al-Thaqata; Association of sub-saharan inmigrant women; Ibn Battuta Foundation that promotes cultural and social exchange and the dissemination of scientific knowledge between Maghreb, Islam and Spain; Intercultural association Punt Com\u00fa; Punt d\u2019Intercanvi socio-cultural association; Casal dels Infants del Raval; Cooperativa Impulsem (SCCL); Fundaci\u00f3 Raval Solidari; Raval Interrreligious Group; Centre of African Studies; TEB and Collectic association that works with youth (16-20 years old); Casa del Immigrante del Raval; Casa de la solidaritat \u2013 El Lokal; El Mirador dels Immigrants; among others.<\/p><p>There are also entities that gather associative networks in Raval, such as Raval Dona, which gathers all the entities that give support to women in the neighbourhood; Raval Cultural network, which gathers collectives, cultural and artistic spaces, training centers, artistic groups, exhibition spaces, galleries, the film library, entities and associations, academic and research institutions, bookstores, museums and cultural facilities, musical training, heritage and theaters. TotRaval Foundation (2002) is a platform that gathers cultural and social institutions, commercial associations, and educational centers. They create networks of neighbourhood cooperation. They develop the programs Ravalnet that work in different projects: \u201cTerritori Socialment Responsible\u201d, or \u201cFestival Raval(s): Festival de Cultura Comunit\u00e0ria\u201d (Festival of community culture).<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2655\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Body and performance<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2655\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2655\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3702 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"272\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018-1140x759.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018-500x330.jpg 500w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 272px) 100vw, 272px\" \/>In 2018, the Cultural Festival Raval(s) was in its 16<sup>th<\/sup> edition. Its first edition, in 2003, started as an initiative of TotRAval, with a series of activities and itineraries in the neighbourhood, with the participation of five associations and entities. Nowadays, eighty associative participants, with a total of 900 people, are implicated and involved. It is a Festival created by the neighbourhood residents, which builds a community, fosters a sense of identity and co-responsibility towards the neighbourhood, creating a sustainable urban space and a sense of belonging. The Festival gives emphasis to the people, their cultural diversity, promoting community participation through processes of artistic participatory creation from a diversity of artistic and cultural perspectives, and it counts with the contribution of all the artistic and socio-cultural associations settled in Raval. It takes place every year in the first week of November. The year 2020, however, with the arrival of the Covid-19 pandemic, challenged the Festival organization and implementation, forcing to strengthen the neighbourhood networks through digital media and presenting a program of activities online. Left image: Dance performance at Cultural Festival Raval(s) (2018). (Source: www.totraval.org)<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3703 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/raval_lluernes-dhivern_2017.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"381\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/raval_lluernes-dhivern_2017.png 670w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/raval_lluernes-dhivern_2017-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/raval_lluernes-dhivern_2017-600x434.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/>The artistic communitarian spectacle \u201cLluernes d\u2019Hivern\u201d (\u201cWinter lights\u201d) (2017-18), was directed by INCA Catalunya association and co-produced by TotRaval Foundation, linked to the project #Ravalkm0, directed by Impulsem SCCL and TotRaval Foundation, related to the Festivities of the first Christmas lights in Raval. This project was part of ArtiPart program of community artistic creation in the neighbourhoods, from Institut de Cultura de Barcelona. ArtiPart selected five community creations promoted in five neighbourhoods (Marina, Poblenou, Raval, Sant Andreu, Sant Pere, Santa Caterina and Ribera). In Raval, \u201cLluernes d\u2019Hivern\u201d was a two years participative theatre laboratory and a collective spectacle of communitarian creation to be performed as a collective itinerant performance in the public spaces of the neighbourhood during two editions, in November each year. The first edition (2017) that took place from October to November, involved the participation of more than thirty collectives, associations and groups in the neighbourhood. It was a collective spectacle around Raval\u2019s cultural diversity and the winter solstice multicultural rituals, with its myths, stories and legends. It also counted with the collaboration of La Capella, La Massana, CCCB, MACBA, among others institutions. In the second edition (2018), the theme was the Gardens of Rubi\u00f3 I Lluch, with the objective of transforming them in a magic space where everyday stories mix with characters and historic events. It counted with the collaboration of El Gecko con Botas, La Capella, Escola Massana, Bastoners del Raval, AIPCC, Escola de M\u00fasics i JPC, Xamfr\u00e0, the Catalan Bolivian Centre, Di\u00e0legs de Dona, Capoeira Palmares BCN, among others. Right image: Itinerant performance &#8220;LLuernas d&#8217;Hivern&#8221; (2017). (Source: www.totraval.org). Below: Popular Cercavila with giants (gegants, gegantots) and catle (bestiari), Cultural Festival Raval(s) (2018). (Source: www.totraval.org)<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-3704 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018_3-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018_3-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018_3-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018_3-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018_3-600x337.jpg 600w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018_3-1140x641.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Festival-Ravals_2018_3.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f51add3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f51add3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-701e510\" data-id=\"701e510\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2358454 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2358454\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div 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elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"bd41631\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/mouraria-lisbon\/\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Mouraria case study<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2bc2389 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2bc2389\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ddb988\" data-id=\"4ddb988\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-829eb44 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"829eb44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/cartographies\/\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Cartographies<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>+ info raval Multiculturality Mobility paradigm and tourism Urban landscape heritage Identity and community Body and performance Multiculturality Raval is a multicultural urban landscape that contains a patchwork of spaces informed and formed by differentiated cultural heritages and identities. From the 2000\u2019s onwards, the historical tangible and intangible identity of its urban heritage has been transformed greatly due to the increased movement of people and communities arising from increased levels of social migration, immigration and city tourism. Raval includes 47.617 inhabitants (stats. from 2015 data) with 122 different nationalities and 47,9% of its population are from other countries outside of Spain (Barcelona\u2019s Statistics Department, 2016). The main places of origin are Pakistan (10,8%), Philippines (8,5%), Bangladesh (5%), Italy (3%), Morocco (2,8%) and India (2%). The European citizens living in Barcelona tend to be young qualified residents (60% of them have between 25 to 40 years old with University degrees), and they correspond to 30,8% of the foreign population living in Barcelona. What emerges from this data is a picture of an ethnically rich and diverse area where a wide range of nationalities, customs and traditions converge and coexist. Raval has an open institutional atmosphere of intercultural dialogue and integration. This intercultural identity is an important asset with associated attractive values for urban tourism and the consumption of urban experiences. Cultural activities in the neighbourhood. Source: Ravalnet, A. Moya. \u00a0 Bibliography: Pla de Desenvolupament Econ\u00f2mic Ciutat Vella 2016-2021 [Ciutat Vella Economic Development Plan 2016-2021]. Ajuntament de Barcelona, Districte Ciutat Vella. Barcelona Activa. (http:\/\/ajuntament.barcelona.cat\/ciutatvella\/pla-desenvolupament-economic\/ca\/home) Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. \u00a0 Mobility paradigm and tourism Regarding the economic activities in Raval, statistical data in 2015 determine that the majority of activities at street level were services (46,4%), commerce (31,8%) and empty spaces (15,7%). Service activities were restaurant businesses and lodging. The area contains, at the present, a large number of touristic residences, with 9.896 accommodations including hotels, hostels, touristic apartments and youth hostels (Economic Development Plan for Ciutat Vella 2016-2021). In 2016, the sociological indicator of touristic presence in the neighborhood demonstrated 123,2 tourists for every 1000 inhabitants (Socioeconomic indicators 2016, Raval, Ciutat Vella District )[1]. Raval is divided in two municipal management sectors, Raval North and Raval South. Raval South is an under privileged area with high levels of poverty, and social exclusion. The unemployment rates moves between 11,1% and 13%, with low family incomes between 63-79 in an index of 100. Urban gentrification processes and real estate investment with a tourist pressure for those existing apartments of first residence, has created a vulnerable situation for this fragile population, with\u00a0 eviction levels averaging between 9,1% to 19,7% (Map of Neighborhoods South Raval and South Gothic, 2017)[2]. \u00a0 \u00a0 Bibliography: [1] Indicadors socioeconomics 2016, districte de Ciutat Vella. Barri el Raval [Socioeconomic indicators, 2016, Ciutat Vella District, Raval neighbourhood. (http:\/\/www.bcn.cat\/estadistica\/castella\/dades\/inf\/barris\/a2016\/barri1.pdf). [2] Pla de Barris el Raval Sud i el G\u00f2tic Sud, 2017. [Map of Neighborhoods South Raval and South Gothic] Ajuntament de Barcelona. Districte Ciutat Vella. (http:\/\/pladebarris.barcelona\/plans-de-barri\/raval-sud-i-gotic-sud) Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. Urban landscape heritage From 1250 to the1600\u2019s, Raval was a walled perimeter suburban area of Barcelona with a rich agricultural land and wetlands with Cagalell pond located in the South, collecting the water of seasonal streams. The third city walls that enclosed Raval (1348), enabled urban growth and provided agricultural land for self-subsistence in times of siege. Within the enclosure, existing hospitals and convents remained along the main accesses of circulation (Carme Street, Hospital Street, Tallers Street, and Sant Pau Street). Sant Pau del Camp Monastery, which dates from the 10th century, is the oldest religious nucleus that still exists and maintains a religious use today. Two important Gothic infrastructures have a prominent and symbolic presence in the neighborhood. One is the shipyard building Drassanes, rebuilt in the 16th century in the same location of the medieval 11th century building. The second is the Old Hospital of Santa Creu, dating from 1401. This was the only city hospital until the beginning of the 20th century, following which the hospital moved to the city outskirts and at the present is the Library of Catalonia. During the second half of the 16th century to the first of the 17th, Raval consolidated as a territory of convents and monasteries encompassing a wide diversity of religious orders. Right image: Courtyard of Sant Guillem d&#8217;Aquitania Convent, now Laboure School, in Raval North. Source: A. Moya. At the start of the 19th century, Raval underwent a gradual change in its physiognomy becoming a polluted and dense industrial area with hundreds of chimneys of cotton textile factories. In 1835, most of Raval\u2019s convents were demolished, expropriated and replaced by buildings such as La Boqueria food market or\u00a0 Liceu Opera House. Other convents survived but changed their use such as Labour\u00e9 Primary School (Sant Guillem d&#8217;Aquitania Convent); or to cultural buildings such as the Museum of Contemporary Art of Barcelona (MACBA) (Angels Convent) and the Center of Contemporary Culture of Barcelona (CCCB) (Natzaret Monastery).\u00a0 In the 19th century, the textile industry developed the city through the concentration of intense urban, commercial and manufacturing activity in the neighborhood.\u00a0 Factories and residential buildings for workers appeared, including factory-homes, where workers had also their residence. Raval became densely populated and suffocated by its walls because the city could not grow outside the limits due to military impositions. Left image: Raval&#8217;s historical cartographies. Fragment of the Plan of the City and Port of Barcelona, by Moulinier (1806);\u00a0 and Fragment of the General Plan of Barcelona and its Urban Expansion (1900). Source: Cartographic and Geological Institute of Catalonia. Following the demolition of the city walls in 1859, the industrial interests moved out of the city center. During the beginning of the 20th century, Raval became a lower working class residential neighborhood and home for a number of national immigrants who arrived to Barcelona for the construction of the Universal Expositions of 1888 and 1929. Raval up to the 1980\u2019s remained a densely populated neighborhood with a proliferation, especially in South Raval, of brothels and nightlife establishments. After the Civil War (1939), Raval had an intense national migratory growth. During the dictatorship and until 1974, the area was considered one of the most dangerous neighborhoods in the city. Urban plans were implemented in the 1980\u2019s, with the approval of the General Metropolitan Master Plan to develop the area. The vertical axis of Drassanes Avenue was opened in South Raval, which gave an urban frame to the first city skyscraper, Colon Office Tower (1970) and other institutional buildings, with the creation of squares and gardens, with the demolition of the National Prison for the construction of Folch i Torres Square or Can Ricart Factory for the construction of Sant Pau del Camp Gardens. Right image: Salvador Segu\u00ed square with Catalonia Film Library in May 2018. Source: A. Moya New infrastructures were built leading to the celebration of the Olympic Games (1992), with the construction of Faculties and services of the University of Barcelona in North Raval, and MACBA facilities in Angels Square. Following the economic crisis of the mid 1990\u2019s up to 2004, and later from 2008 onwards, the combination of urban renewal, economic development and social cohesion initiatives became problematic. The most emblematic interventions in this period are the demolitions of buildings in the heart of the neighbourhood to open Rambla del Raval, Salvador Segu\u00ed Square and V\u00e1zquez Montalb\u00e1n Square, with cultural, public and private infrastructures, such as Hotel Barcel\u00f3 Tower, the Catalonia Film Library, and the Liceu Conservatory. One of the latest interventions, in 2015, has been the remodeling of Gardunya Square, at the back of La Boqueria market, and the construction of Massana Art\u2019s school. \u00a0 Morphological characterization of Raval&#8217;s neighbourhood, with pedestrian networks, green spaces ad relevant built heritage. Source: A. Moya \u00a0 Bibliography: Busquets, J. (et.al.) 2003. The Old Town of Barcelona: a Past with a Future. Ajuntament de Barcelona, Barcelona. Fern\u00e1ndez, M. 2014. Matar al Chino: Entre la Revoluci\u00f3n Urban\u00edstica y el Asedio Urbano en el Barrio del Raval de Barcelona [Kill the Chinese: Between the Urbanistic Revolution and the Urban Siege in Raval Neighbourhood, Barcelona]. Virus Ed, Barcelona. Garcia Espuche, A. and Gu\u00e0rdia Bassols, M. 1986. Espai i Societat a la Barcelona Pre-Industrial [Place and Society in Pre-Industrial Barcelona]. Magrana, Barcelona. Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. \u00a0 Identity and community Raval has a wide network of local associations and public institutions that influence social cooperation and the cultural life in the city center with 112 cultural associations and 10 social community associations (Ciutat Vella Economic Development Plan, 2016-2021). Below: Associative structure localization and comparison between Mouraria (Lisbon, 2016) and Raval (Barcelona, 2019) (Source: A. Moya, Ravalnet). Cultural public institutions with a great impact in the neighbourhood such CCCB, MACBA, La Capella, Sta M\u00f3nica Art Centre, are involved and collaborate with other sociocultural and artistic associations in the neighbourhood. Many activities for the residents of the neighbourhood occur in Drassanes Civic Center and Casal de Barri Folch I Torres. They support territorial dynamization and educational programs carried out by associations. The Civic Centres give support to socio-cultural projects, with the offering of spaces. Priority is given to activities of social- cultural interest and community participation. The Casal de Barri, is also intended for community participation, socio-cultural development and cohabitation. There are several artistic associations in the neighbourhood closely involved with the residents and the community: Xamfr\u00e0, Centre de M\u00fasica i Escena del Raval (2004) (Raval Music and Performance Centre), is a meeting place for the arts. They develop a relevant socio-cultural work with young people and their families in the neighbourhood. The Centre won the National Cultural Price from Generalitat de Catalunya (2020) for their educational, social and inclusive work. They prioritize the value of the social and creative processes and give opportunities for artistic growth and interdisciplinary knowledge and educational opportunities in the performative arts from a socio-affective perspective. Their focus is on community human and cultural development, training and support using music, theatre and dance as tools for social inclusion and participation. They collaborate with a network of entities involved with collectives in risk of social exclusion, including not accompanied young immigrants in tutelage. Xamfr\u00e0 has many years of experience in socio-education, with trans-disciplinary artistic projects. For example, the project of youth mobilization in Ciutat Vella with a trans-disciplinary work of theatre sessions, a musical group (Xamfr\u00e0 Music Band), \u201cLa Batucada Jove del Raval\u201d and \u201cTarda Jove\u201d with musical trainings and rap sessions with the support network Migrate Youth, organized by Tot Raval. Left Image: Xamfr\u00e0 music group at CESIRE building, Raval. Image source: www.xamfra.net La Poderosa (2000)\u00a0 has been a very active association in Raval. They won Ciutat de Barcelona price (2016) for the Series \u201cHacer Historia(s)\u201d and in recognition for their continuous work during more than fifteen years supporting the evolution of the urban artistic structure in the city. In the same year, they changed their headquarters, from the old factory building \u201cCan Seixanta\u201d in Raval, to Sants-Montju\u00efc district. During these years they were actively involved and compromised with the residents and artistic community participation in the neighbourhood. They were also involved in different Cultural Festivals in Raval such as \u201cFestival Raval(s)\u201d and organized Festivals such as \u201cSite Specific Raval\u201d(2015). They define themselves as a space of creation, research and cultural unrest, involved in all artistic and research languages related to the body and its performativity in Barcelona. They are accessible and give support to all dancing community, performing arts&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>+ info Raval - Somatic Landscape<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"+ info Raval - Somatic Landscape\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"+ info raval Multiculturality Mobility paradigm and tourism Urban landscape heritage Identity and community Body and performance Multiculturality Raval is a multicultural urban landscape that contains a patchwork of spaces informed and formed by differentiated cultural heritages and identities. From the 2000\u2019s onwards, the historical tangible and intangible identity of its urban heritage has been transformed greatly due to the increased movement of people and communities arising from increased levels of social migration, immigration and city tourism. Raval includes 47.617 inhabitants (stats. from 2015 data) with 122 different nationalities and 47,9% of its population are from other countries outside of Spain (Barcelona\u2019s Statistics Department, 2016). The main places of origin are Pakistan (10,8%), Philippines (8,5%), Bangladesh (5%), Italy (3%), Morocco (2,8%) and India (2%). The European citizens living in Barcelona tend to be young qualified residents (60% of them have between 25 to 40 years old with University degrees), and they correspond to 30,8% of the foreign population living in Barcelona. What emerges from this data is a picture of an ethnically rich and diverse area where a wide range of nationalities, customs and traditions converge and coexist. Raval has an open institutional atmosphere of intercultural dialogue and integration. This intercultural identity is an important asset with associated attractive values for urban tourism and the consumption of urban experiences. Cultural activities in the neighbourhood. Source: Ravalnet, A. Moya. \u00a0 Bibliography: Pla de Desenvolupament Econ\u00f2mic Ciutat Vella 2016-2021 [Ciutat Vella Economic Development Plan 2016-2021]. Ajuntament de Barcelona, Districte Ciutat Vella. Barcelona Activa. (http:\/\/ajuntament.barcelona.cat\/ciutatvella\/pla-desenvolupament-economic\/ca\/home) Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. \u00a0 Mobility paradigm and tourism Regarding the economic activities in Raval, statistical data in 2015 determine that the majority of activities at street level were services (46,4%), commerce (31,8%) and empty spaces (15,7%). Service activities were restaurant businesses and lodging. The area contains, at the present, a large number of touristic residences, with 9.896 accommodations including hotels, hostels, touristic apartments and youth hostels (Economic Development Plan for Ciutat Vella 2016-2021). In 2016, the sociological indicator of touristic presence in the neighborhood demonstrated 123,2 tourists for every 1000 inhabitants (Socioeconomic indicators 2016, Raval, Ciutat Vella District )[1]. Raval is divided in two municipal management sectors, Raval North and Raval South. Raval South is an under privileged area with high levels of poverty, and social exclusion. The unemployment rates moves between 11,1% and 13%, with low family incomes between 63-79 in an index of 100. Urban gentrification processes and real estate investment with a tourist pressure for those existing apartments of first residence, has created a vulnerable situation for this fragile population, with\u00a0 eviction levels averaging between 9,1% to 19,7% (Map of Neighborhoods South Raval and South Gothic, 2017)[2]. \u00a0 \u00a0 Bibliography: [1] Indicadors socioeconomics 2016, districte de Ciutat Vella. Barri el Raval [Socioeconomic indicators, 2016, Ciutat Vella District, Raval neighbourhood. (http:\/\/www.bcn.cat\/estadistica\/castella\/dades\/inf\/barris\/a2016\/barri1.pdf). [2] Pla de Barris el Raval Sud i el G\u00f2tic Sud, 2017. [Map of Neighborhoods South Raval and South Gothic] Ajuntament de Barcelona. Districte Ciutat Vella. (http:\/\/pladebarris.barcelona\/plans-de-barri\/raval-sud-i-gotic-sud) Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. Urban landscape heritage From 1250 to the1600\u2019s, Raval was a walled perimeter suburban area of Barcelona with a rich agricultural land and wetlands with Cagalell pond located in the South, collecting the water of seasonal streams. The third city walls that enclosed Raval (1348), enabled urban growth and provided agricultural land for self-subsistence in times of siege. Within the enclosure, existing hospitals and convents remained along the main accesses of circulation (Carme Street, Hospital Street, Tallers Street, and Sant Pau Street). Sant Pau del Camp Monastery, which dates from the 10th century, is the oldest religious nucleus that still exists and maintains a religious use today. Two important Gothic infrastructures have a prominent and symbolic presence in the neighborhood. One is the shipyard building Drassanes, rebuilt in the 16th century in the same location of the medieval 11th century building. The second is the Old Hospital of Santa Creu, dating from 1401. This was the only city hospital until the beginning of the 20th century, following which the hospital moved to the city outskirts and at the present is the Library of Catalonia. During the second half of the 16th century to the first of the 17th, Raval consolidated as a territory of convents and monasteries encompassing a wide diversity of religious orders. Right image: Courtyard of Sant Guillem d&#8217;Aquitania Convent, now Laboure School, in Raval North. Source: A. Moya. At the start of the 19th century, Raval underwent a gradual change in its physiognomy becoming a polluted and dense industrial area with hundreds of chimneys of cotton textile factories. In 1835, most of Raval\u2019s convents were demolished, expropriated and replaced by buildings such as La Boqueria food market or\u00a0 Liceu Opera House. Other convents survived but changed their use such as Labour\u00e9 Primary School (Sant Guillem d&#8217;Aquitania Convent); or to cultural buildings such as the Museum of Contemporary Art of Barcelona (MACBA) (Angels Convent) and the Center of Contemporary Culture of Barcelona (CCCB) (Natzaret Monastery).\u00a0 In the 19th century, the textile industry developed the city through the concentration of intense urban, commercial and manufacturing activity in the neighborhood.\u00a0 Factories and residential buildings for workers appeared, including factory-homes, where workers had also their residence. Raval became densely populated and suffocated by its walls because the city could not grow outside the limits due to military impositions. Left image: Raval&#8217;s historical cartographies. Fragment of the Plan of the City and Port of Barcelona, by Moulinier (1806);\u00a0 and Fragment of the General Plan of Barcelona and its Urban Expansion (1900). Source: Cartographic and Geological Institute of Catalonia. Following the demolition of the city walls in 1859, the industrial interests moved out of the city center. During the beginning of the 20th century, Raval became a lower working class residential neighborhood and home for a number of national immigrants who arrived to Barcelona for the construction of the Universal Expositions of 1888 and 1929. Raval up to the 1980\u2019s remained a densely populated neighborhood with a proliferation, especially in South Raval, of brothels and nightlife establishments. After the Civil War (1939), Raval had an intense national migratory growth. During the dictatorship and until 1974, the area was considered one of the most dangerous neighborhoods in the city. Urban plans were implemented in the 1980\u2019s, with the approval of the General Metropolitan Master Plan to develop the area. The vertical axis of Drassanes Avenue was opened in South Raval, which gave an urban frame to the first city skyscraper, Colon Office Tower (1970) and other institutional buildings, with the creation of squares and gardens, with the demolition of the National Prison for the construction of Folch i Torres Square or Can Ricart Factory for the construction of Sant Pau del Camp Gardens. Right image: Salvador Segu\u00ed square with Catalonia Film Library in May 2018. Source: A. Moya New infrastructures were built leading to the celebration of the Olympic Games (1992), with the construction of Faculties and services of the University of Barcelona in North Raval, and MACBA facilities in Angels Square. Following the economic crisis of the mid 1990\u2019s up to 2004, and later from 2008 onwards, the combination of urban renewal, economic development and social cohesion initiatives became problematic. The most emblematic interventions in this period are the demolitions of buildings in the heart of the neighbourhood to open Rambla del Raval, Salvador Segu\u00ed Square and V\u00e1zquez Montalb\u00e1n Square, with cultural, public and private infrastructures, such as Hotel Barcel\u00f3 Tower, the Catalonia Film Library, and the Liceu Conservatory. One of the latest interventions, in 2015, has been the remodeling of Gardunya Square, at the back of La Boqueria market, and the construction of Massana Art\u2019s school. \u00a0 Morphological characterization of Raval&#8217;s neighbourhood, with pedestrian networks, green spaces ad relevant built heritage. Source: A. Moya \u00a0 Bibliography: Busquets, J. (et.al.) 2003. The Old Town of Barcelona: a Past with a Future. Ajuntament de Barcelona, Barcelona. Fern\u00e1ndez, M. 2014. Matar al Chino: Entre la Revoluci\u00f3n Urban\u00edstica y el Asedio Urbano en el Barrio del Raval de Barcelona [Kill the Chinese: Between the Urbanistic Revolution and the Urban Siege in Raval Neighbourhood, Barcelona]. Virus Ed, Barcelona. Garcia Espuche, A. and Gu\u00e0rdia Bassols, M. 1986. Espai i Societat a la Barcelona Pre-Industrial [Place and Society in Pre-Industrial Barcelona]. Magrana, Barcelona. Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. \u00a0 Identity and community Raval has a wide network of local associations and public institutions that influence social cooperation and the cultural life in the city center with 112 cultural associations and 10 social community associations (Ciutat Vella Economic Development Plan, 2016-2021). Below: Associative structure localization and comparison between Mouraria (Lisbon, 2016) and Raval (Barcelona, 2019) (Source: A. Moya, Ravalnet). Cultural public institutions with a great impact in the neighbourhood such CCCB, MACBA, La Capella, Sta M\u00f3nica Art Centre, are involved and collaborate with other sociocultural and artistic associations in the neighbourhood. Many activities for the residents of the neighbourhood occur in Drassanes Civic Center and Casal de Barri Folch I Torres. They support territorial dynamization and educational programs carried out by associations. The Civic Centres give support to socio-cultural projects, with the offering of spaces. Priority is given to activities of social- cultural interest and community participation. The Casal de Barri, is also intended for community participation, socio-cultural development and cohabitation. There are several artistic associations in the neighbourhood closely involved with the residents and the community: Xamfr\u00e0, Centre de M\u00fasica i Escena del Raval (2004) (Raval Music and Performance Centre), is a meeting place for the arts. They develop a relevant socio-cultural work with young people and their families in the neighbourhood. The Centre won the National Cultural Price from Generalitat de Catalunya (2020) for their educational, social and inclusive work. They prioritize the value of the social and creative processes and give opportunities for artistic growth and interdisciplinary knowledge and educational opportunities in the performative arts from a socio-affective perspective. Their focus is on community human and cultural development, training and support using music, theatre and dance as tools for social inclusion and participation. They collaborate with a network of entities involved with collectives in risk of social exclusion, including not accompanied young immigrants in tutelage. Xamfr\u00e0 has many years of experience in socio-education, with trans-disciplinary artistic projects. For example, the project of youth mobilization in Ciutat Vella with a trans-disciplinary work of theatre sessions, a musical group (Xamfr\u00e0 Music Band), \u201cLa Batucada Jove del Raval\u201d and \u201cTarda Jove\u201d with musical trainings and rap sessions with the support network Migrate Youth, organized by Tot Raval. Left Image: Xamfr\u00e0 music group at CESIRE building, Raval. Image source: www.xamfra.net La Poderosa (2000)\u00a0 has been a very active association in Raval. They won Ciutat de Barcelona price (2016) for the Series \u201cHacer Historia(s)\u201d and in recognition for their continuous work during more than fifteen years supporting the evolution of the urban artistic structure in the city. In the same year, they changed their headquarters, from the old factory building \u201cCan Seixanta\u201d in Raval, to Sants-Montju\u00efc district. During these years they were actively involved and compromised with the residents and artistic community participation in the neighbourhood. They were also involved in different Cultural Festivals in Raval such as \u201cFestival Raval(s)\u201d and organized Festivals such as \u201cSite Specific Raval\u201d(2015). They define themselves as a space of creation, research and cultural unrest, involved in all artistic and research languages related to the body and its performativity in Barcelona. They are accessible and give support to all dancing community, performing arts...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Somatic Landscape\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-11-30T21:41:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/multiculturalidad.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"16 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/\",\"name\":\"Somatic Landscape\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/multiculturalidad.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/multiculturalidad.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/\",\"name\":\"+ info Raval - Somatic Landscape\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-11-23T14:56:53+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-11-30T21:41:37+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"+ info Raval\"}]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"+ info Raval - Somatic Landscape","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"+ info Raval - Somatic Landscape","og_description":"+ info raval Multiculturality Mobility paradigm and tourism Urban landscape heritage Identity and community Body and performance Multiculturality Raval is a multicultural urban landscape that contains a patchwork of spaces informed and formed by differentiated cultural heritages and identities. From the 2000\u2019s onwards, the historical tangible and intangible identity of its urban heritage has been transformed greatly due to the increased movement of people and communities arising from increased levels of social migration, immigration and city tourism. Raval includes 47.617 inhabitants (stats. from 2015 data) with 122 different nationalities and 47,9% of its population are from other countries outside of Spain (Barcelona\u2019s Statistics Department, 2016). The main places of origin are Pakistan (10,8%), Philippines (8,5%), Bangladesh (5%), Italy (3%), Morocco (2,8%) and India (2%). The European citizens living in Barcelona tend to be young qualified residents (60% of them have between 25 to 40 years old with University degrees), and they correspond to 30,8% of the foreign population living in Barcelona. What emerges from this data is a picture of an ethnically rich and diverse area where a wide range of nationalities, customs and traditions converge and coexist. Raval has an open institutional atmosphere of intercultural dialogue and integration. This intercultural identity is an important asset with associated attractive values for urban tourism and the consumption of urban experiences. Cultural activities in the neighbourhood. Source: Ravalnet, A. Moya. \u00a0 Bibliography: Pla de Desenvolupament Econ\u00f2mic Ciutat Vella 2016-2021 [Ciutat Vella Economic Development Plan 2016-2021]. Ajuntament de Barcelona, Districte Ciutat Vella. Barcelona Activa. (http:\/\/ajuntament.barcelona.cat\/ciutatvella\/pla-desenvolupament-economic\/ca\/home) Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. \u00a0 Mobility paradigm and tourism Regarding the economic activities in Raval, statistical data in 2015 determine that the majority of activities at street level were services (46,4%), commerce (31,8%) and empty spaces (15,7%). Service activities were restaurant businesses and lodging. The area contains, at the present, a large number of touristic residences, with 9.896 accommodations including hotels, hostels, touristic apartments and youth hostels (Economic Development Plan for Ciutat Vella 2016-2021). In 2016, the sociological indicator of touristic presence in the neighborhood demonstrated 123,2 tourists for every 1000 inhabitants (Socioeconomic indicators 2016, Raval, Ciutat Vella District )[1]. Raval is divided in two municipal management sectors, Raval North and Raval South. Raval South is an under privileged area with high levels of poverty, and social exclusion. The unemployment rates moves between 11,1% and 13%, with low family incomes between 63-79 in an index of 100. Urban gentrification processes and real estate investment with a tourist pressure for those existing apartments of first residence, has created a vulnerable situation for this fragile population, with\u00a0 eviction levels averaging between 9,1% to 19,7% (Map of Neighborhoods South Raval and South Gothic, 2017)[2]. \u00a0 \u00a0 Bibliography: [1] Indicadors socioeconomics 2016, districte de Ciutat Vella. Barri el Raval [Socioeconomic indicators, 2016, Ciutat Vella District, Raval neighbourhood. (http:\/\/www.bcn.cat\/estadistica\/castella\/dades\/inf\/barris\/a2016\/barri1.pdf). [2] Pla de Barris el Raval Sud i el G\u00f2tic Sud, 2017. [Map of Neighborhoods South Raval and South Gothic] Ajuntament de Barcelona. Districte Ciutat Vella. (http:\/\/pladebarris.barcelona\/plans-de-barri\/raval-sud-i-gotic-sud) Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. Urban landscape heritage From 1250 to the1600\u2019s, Raval was a walled perimeter suburban area of Barcelona with a rich agricultural land and wetlands with Cagalell pond located in the South, collecting the water of seasonal streams. The third city walls that enclosed Raval (1348), enabled urban growth and provided agricultural land for self-subsistence in times of siege. Within the enclosure, existing hospitals and convents remained along the main accesses of circulation (Carme Street, Hospital Street, Tallers Street, and Sant Pau Street). Sant Pau del Camp Monastery, which dates from the 10th century, is the oldest religious nucleus that still exists and maintains a religious use today. Two important Gothic infrastructures have a prominent and symbolic presence in the neighborhood. One is the shipyard building Drassanes, rebuilt in the 16th century in the same location of the medieval 11th century building. The second is the Old Hospital of Santa Creu, dating from 1401. This was the only city hospital until the beginning of the 20th century, following which the hospital moved to the city outskirts and at the present is the Library of Catalonia. During the second half of the 16th century to the first of the 17th, Raval consolidated as a territory of convents and monasteries encompassing a wide diversity of religious orders. Right image: Courtyard of Sant Guillem d&#8217;Aquitania Convent, now Laboure School, in Raval North. Source: A. Moya. At the start of the 19th century, Raval underwent a gradual change in its physiognomy becoming a polluted and dense industrial area with hundreds of chimneys of cotton textile factories. In 1835, most of Raval\u2019s convents were demolished, expropriated and replaced by buildings such as La Boqueria food market or\u00a0 Liceu Opera House. Other convents survived but changed their use such as Labour\u00e9 Primary School (Sant Guillem d&#8217;Aquitania Convent); or to cultural buildings such as the Museum of Contemporary Art of Barcelona (MACBA) (Angels Convent) and the Center of Contemporary Culture of Barcelona (CCCB) (Natzaret Monastery).\u00a0 In the 19th century, the textile industry developed the city through the concentration of intense urban, commercial and manufacturing activity in the neighborhood.\u00a0 Factories and residential buildings for workers appeared, including factory-homes, where workers had also their residence. Raval became densely populated and suffocated by its walls because the city could not grow outside the limits due to military impositions. Left image: Raval&#8217;s historical cartographies. Fragment of the Plan of the City and Port of Barcelona, by Moulinier (1806);\u00a0 and Fragment of the General Plan of Barcelona and its Urban Expansion (1900). Source: Cartographic and Geological Institute of Catalonia. Following the demolition of the city walls in 1859, the industrial interests moved out of the city center. During the beginning of the 20th century, Raval became a lower working class residential neighborhood and home for a number of national immigrants who arrived to Barcelona for the construction of the Universal Expositions of 1888 and 1929. Raval up to the 1980\u2019s remained a densely populated neighborhood with a proliferation, especially in South Raval, of brothels and nightlife establishments. After the Civil War (1939), Raval had an intense national migratory growth. During the dictatorship and until 1974, the area was considered one of the most dangerous neighborhoods in the city. Urban plans were implemented in the 1980\u2019s, with the approval of the General Metropolitan Master Plan to develop the area. The vertical axis of Drassanes Avenue was opened in South Raval, which gave an urban frame to the first city skyscraper, Colon Office Tower (1970) and other institutional buildings, with the creation of squares and gardens, with the demolition of the National Prison for the construction of Folch i Torres Square or Can Ricart Factory for the construction of Sant Pau del Camp Gardens. Right image: Salvador Segu\u00ed square with Catalonia Film Library in May 2018. Source: A. Moya New infrastructures were built leading to the celebration of the Olympic Games (1992), with the construction of Faculties and services of the University of Barcelona in North Raval, and MACBA facilities in Angels Square. Following the economic crisis of the mid 1990\u2019s up to 2004, and later from 2008 onwards, the combination of urban renewal, economic development and social cohesion initiatives became problematic. The most emblematic interventions in this period are the demolitions of buildings in the heart of the neighbourhood to open Rambla del Raval, Salvador Segu\u00ed Square and V\u00e1zquez Montalb\u00e1n Square, with cultural, public and private infrastructures, such as Hotel Barcel\u00f3 Tower, the Catalonia Film Library, and the Liceu Conservatory. One of the latest interventions, in 2015, has been the remodeling of Gardunya Square, at the back of La Boqueria market, and the construction of Massana Art\u2019s school. \u00a0 Morphological characterization of Raval&#8217;s neighbourhood, with pedestrian networks, green spaces ad relevant built heritage. Source: A. Moya \u00a0 Bibliography: Busquets, J. (et.al.) 2003. The Old Town of Barcelona: a Past with a Future. Ajuntament de Barcelona, Barcelona. Fern\u00e1ndez, M. 2014. Matar al Chino: Entre la Revoluci\u00f3n Urban\u00edstica y el Asedio Urbano en el Barrio del Raval de Barcelona [Kill the Chinese: Between the Urbanistic Revolution and the Urban Siege in Raval Neighbourhood, Barcelona]. Virus Ed, Barcelona. Garcia Espuche, A. and Gu\u00e0rdia Bassols, M. 1986. Espai i Societat a la Barcelona Pre-Industrial [Place and Society in Pre-Industrial Barcelona]. Magrana, Barcelona. Moya Pellitero, A.M; Hunter, V. (2020) \u201cSomatic landscapes and urban identities: mapping emotional engagements through site, dance and body connections in Raval, Barcelona, a case study\u201d. In Athens Journal of Architecture, Vol.6, Issue. 3, July 2020, pp.249-272. \u00a0 Identity and community Raval has a wide network of local associations and public institutions that influence social cooperation and the cultural life in the city center with 112 cultural associations and 10 social community associations (Ciutat Vella Economic Development Plan, 2016-2021). Below: Associative structure localization and comparison between Mouraria (Lisbon, 2016) and Raval (Barcelona, 2019) (Source: A. Moya, Ravalnet). Cultural public institutions with a great impact in the neighbourhood such CCCB, MACBA, La Capella, Sta M\u00f3nica Art Centre, are involved and collaborate with other sociocultural and artistic associations in the neighbourhood. Many activities for the residents of the neighbourhood occur in Drassanes Civic Center and Casal de Barri Folch I Torres. They support territorial dynamization and educational programs carried out by associations. The Civic Centres give support to socio-cultural projects, with the offering of spaces. Priority is given to activities of social- cultural interest and community participation. The Casal de Barri, is also intended for community participation, socio-cultural development and cohabitation. There are several artistic associations in the neighbourhood closely involved with the residents and the community: Xamfr\u00e0, Centre de M\u00fasica i Escena del Raval (2004) (Raval Music and Performance Centre), is a meeting place for the arts. They develop a relevant socio-cultural work with young people and their families in the neighbourhood. The Centre won the National Cultural Price from Generalitat de Catalunya (2020) for their educational, social and inclusive work. They prioritize the value of the social and creative processes and give opportunities for artistic growth and interdisciplinary knowledge and educational opportunities in the performative arts from a socio-affective perspective. Their focus is on community human and cultural development, training and support using music, theatre and dance as tools for social inclusion and participation. They collaborate with a network of entities involved with collectives in risk of social exclusion, including not accompanied young immigrants in tutelage. Xamfr\u00e0 has many years of experience in socio-education, with trans-disciplinary artistic projects. For example, the project of youth mobilization in Ciutat Vella with a trans-disciplinary work of theatre sessions, a musical group (Xamfr\u00e0 Music Band), \u201cLa Batucada Jove del Raval\u201d and \u201cTarda Jove\u201d with musical trainings and rap sessions with the support network Migrate Youth, organized by Tot Raval. Left Image: Xamfr\u00e0 music group at CESIRE building, Raval. Image source: www.xamfra.net La Poderosa (2000)\u00a0 has been a very active association in Raval. They won Ciutat de Barcelona price (2016) for the Series \u201cHacer Historia(s)\u201d and in recognition for their continuous work during more than fifteen years supporting the evolution of the urban artistic structure in the city. In the same year, they changed their headquarters, from the old factory building \u201cCan Seixanta\u201d in Raval, to Sants-Montju\u00efc district. During these years they were actively involved and compromised with the residents and artistic community participation in the neighbourhood. They were also involved in different Cultural Festivals in Raval such as \u201cFestival Raval(s)\u201d and organized Festivals such as \u201cSite Specific Raval\u201d(2015). They define themselves as a space of creation, research and cultural unrest, involved in all artistic and research languages related to the body and its performativity in Barcelona. They are accessible and give support to all dancing community, performing arts...","og_url":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/","og_site_name":"Somatic Landscape","article_modified_time":"2021-11-30T21:41:37+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/multiculturalidad.jpg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"16 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/","name":"Somatic Landscape","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#primaryimage","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/multiculturalidad.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/multiculturalidad.jpg"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/","name":"+ info Raval - Somatic Landscape","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#primaryimage"},"datePublished":"2021-11-23T14:56:53+00:00","dateModified":"2021-11-30T21:41:37+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/info-raval\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"+ info Raval"}]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3583"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3583"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3583\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6540,"href":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3583\/revisions\/6540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/somaticlandscape.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}